DNA Molecule :: Biology, The Mitochondrial Cyt B

Haruan Channa striatus is in great demand in the Malaysian domestic angle market. Therefore,detailed knowledge of the genetic diversity and population genetic science of Haruan C. striatus areneeded for sound management, conservation, stock identification and successful fishing of thespecies. Haruan, the local anaesthetic name for the snakehead Channa striatus is an obligate freshwater fishof the family Channidae, which has important scotch value as food fish, and haspharmacological properties as well as medicinal value (Mat Jais, 1991, 2007a, 2007b Rahim etal., 2009 Jamaluddin et al., 2011). Haruan C. striatus can be morphologically distinguished found on coloration, meristics and morphometrics (Mat Jais, 1991 Rahim et al., 2009), as well asthe distribution of scales on the merchantman of the lower jaw, and the morphology of thesuprabranchial organs and a sharp pointed ridge at the mid-ventral part of isthmus (Vishwanathand Geetakymari, 2009). The wild species found in small ri vers, lakes, pools and modify waterbodies where agro-chemicals are applied in their natural habitats can dwell in harshenvironments with low dissolved oxygen and high ammonia (Rahim et al., 2009 Jamaluddin,2011). Haruan C. striatus in particular has a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 42, with akaryotype calm of 6 metacentric, 2 acrocentric and 34 telocentric chromosomes, NF=50,without heteromorphic sex chromosomes (Supiwong et al., 2009).The mitochondrial cyt b is one of the most important proteins encoding genes on theheavy ground of the mtDNA molecule, which has been widely used in molecular markertechniques for umteen applications to accession intra- or interspecies genetic diversity, geneticvariation, phylogeography, species and hybrid identification, phylogeny in numerous species andgenera, population genetic structure, conservation and demographic history (Hsu et al., 2009 Liet al., 2009, Ma et al., 2010 Thangaraj and Lipton, 2010). Due to the potential of Haruan C.stri atus previous studies have analyzed the genetics of this species at the morphological,biological, diet, physiological, biochemical composition, ecological and chromosomal level forbreeding programs and health check and pharmaceutical activities for anti-microbial, antiinflammatory,cell proliferation, induction of platelet aggregation and anti-nociceptive properties(Mat Jais, 2007b Rahim et al., 2009 Supiwong et al., 2009 Dahlan-Daud et al., 2010Jamaluddin et al., 2011). In recent years, preliminary analysis of Haruan C. striatus populationshas been examined based on different molecular markers, such(prenominal) as analysis of mitochondrialmtDNA (Abol-Munafi, 2007 Lakra et al., 2010 Jamaluddin et al., 2011), randomly amplifiedpolymorphic DNA (RAPD Ambak et al., 2006) and allozyme markers (Hara et al., 1998).Restriction split length polymorphism (RFLP) has been proven to be a successful regularity instudying the population genetic structure and differentiation of many fish, such a s skipjack tuna